macOS Mojave 上手体验
WWDC 2018 4号正式召开, 正如之前媒体所爆料的那样, 本次 WWDC 并没有发布新的硬件产品, 而是更加关注于软件的升级, 带来了包括 iOS 12, macOS 10.14 Mojave, watchOS 5 和 tvOS 12. 当然现在他们都还处于 开发者预览版 的状态, 仅供开发者适配和尝鲜使用, 不建议在生产环境升级. 如果你有升级的打算, 可以在文末找到升级的方法. 好了, 下面正式开始.
新功能新特性
深色模式
先说说升级体验. 整个升级过程非常的简单, 大约耗时35分钟. 升级完成进入登录界面后, 最先感受到的变化就是壁纸了.
登录后, 系统就向我们展示了本次更新的一项重要内容: 深色模式.
深色模式作为人民群众最喜闻乐见的功能之一, 终于在 Mojave 上, 千呼万唤始出来. 深色模式可以让用户在夜晚看得更加舒服, 而且, 看了这么多年的白色背景, 偶尔换个背景也算是换种心情了.
当然, 我们可以在更新完成进入桌面时选择亮色模式或深色模式, 也可以在 偏好设置 -> 通用 中重新选择.
目前苹果官方的应用 Finder, Safari, Xcode, 日历, 照片, App Store 等等都已经适配深色模式, 不过第三方应用的适配情况就不容乐观了, Telegram, Evernote 等都还没有适配. (Spotify 躲在角落里悄悄地说: 或许我不用适配?)
动态桌面
进入桌面后, 看到的当然还是这张壁纸了. 默认的壁纸 Mojave 会随着时间的推移而产生变化, 这也就是官方介绍的 动态桌面 的功能. 不过目前支持这一特性的有且仅有这张默认壁纸 Mojave .
新应用
本次更新还带来了新的应用: 新闻, 股票, 语音备忘录和家庭. 不过由于不知道是不是因为国行系统的原因, 我并没有发现新闻 App (就在刚刚, 系统重启了一次😂).
Mac App Store
本次更新还带来了重新设计的 Mac App Store, 下面是更新前后的 Mac App Store 对比:
更新前:
更新后:
更新前:
更新后:
堆栈
这里的「堆栈」并不是编程语言里的那个「堆栈」, 而是一种整理桌面素材的方式.
「堆栈」功能可以在桌面右键的上下文菜单或者顶部菜单栏的视图中找到「堆栈」功能, 「堆栈」可以根据文件的「种类」, 「上次打开日期」, 「添加日期」, 「修改日期」, 「创建日期」, 「标记」等生成对应的「堆栈」.
使用堆栈功能后, 桌面上的所有单个文件都会被系统识别, 并归纳收藏到对应的分类中.
未使用「堆栈」:
使用「堆栈」后:
屏幕截图
macOS 10.14 Mojave 大幅增强了截图的功能, 并且支持了屏幕录制视频. 按下 Command + Shift + 5 之后, 会出现如下截图工具条, 我们可以使用工具条定制截图选项.
截图或录屏完成后, 会先出现在屏幕的右下角, 点击可对其进行编辑.
快速查看
在之前版本的 macOS 中, 在 Finder 中选中任意文件, 按下空格可以快速查看其内容. 本次 macOS Mojave 增强了快速查看的功能, 支持在快速查看中直接进行编辑涂鸦的功能. 例如, 我们可以涂鸦一个 PDF 文件, 旋转或裁剪图片, 亦或是调整视频或音频文件. 完成操作后, 我们还可以通过邮件, 信息或者 AirDrop 等分享给他人.
Finder
本次更新 Finder 新增了一个名为「Gallery View」的功能, 可以按类似相册的视图预览文件信息, 窗口的右边区域会显示该文件的简介信息, 右下角会显示和该文件或文件夹相关的快捷操作.
最近使用的应用
macOS 现在也支持在 Dock 栏显示最近使用的应用, 最多支持显示3个最近使用的应用. 我们可以在偏好设置 -> Dock 中设置是否开启这项功能, 默认打开.
其他
- 摄像头接力: 简单来说就是可以利用 iPhone 的相机为 Mac 拍照. 由于我没有iPhone( 没错, 我就是少数的 macOS + Android 用户😂), 这里就不测试了.
- Facetime: 最多支持32人同时视频聊天. 当然, 由于一些你懂的原因, 这项功能在国内就是残废.
- 隐私安全: 和往常一样, 提升了隐私的安全性.
- Safari: 支持在标签页显示 favicons.
- 邮件: 在邮件中添加 Emoji 更加简单.
- Metal: 更好的支持外接显卡.
- 机器学习: Create ML 允许开发者自行训练机器学习; Core ML 提高速度和模型规模.
- …
存在的问题
- 本次 macOS Mojave 虽然还可以运行基于 OpenGL 和 OpenCL 构建的程序, 但是苹果已经停止了这两个 API 的开发和更新, 并希望开发者采用 Metal 技术. 对于我们普通用户意味着我们很有可能在 macOS Mojave 上玩游戏时遇到相关的兼容性问题.
- 流畅度上并没有像隔壁 iOS 12 更新提升那么明显.
- 深色模式仍然有一些 bug, 例如(忽略我的拼写错误):
- 部分用户遇到了 Office 的兼容性问题. 幸运的是, 我并没有遇到:
- 部分应用(包含 Chrome)中的字体变细.
- …
升级方法
备份! 备份! 备份!
使用网盘, 硬盘或者TimeMachine 等备份好所有的重要资料.
下载描述文件
下载 macOSDeveloperBetaAccessUtility.dmg 文件并安装. 下载地址:
- Google Drive: https://drive.google.com/open?id=1gQXBj3aNTFmukdvDFxyuPypn4wHnSrpb
- 百度云: 链接: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1YessNMHeynDtV_6MIkvBiw 密码: qn25
关于 Mojave
Mojave (məʊˈhɑːvi), 莫哈维沙漠 (Mojave Desert) 是个位于美国西南部, 南加利福尼亚州东南部的沙漠.
Hands-On With macOS Mojave
WWDC 2018 offcially takes place June 4th. Just like the reports from media, no new hardware but focus on the updates of software, WWDC brings iOS12, macOS 10.14 Mojave, watchOS 5 and tvOS 12 up. Of course, they are all in status of Developer Preview, only for developer adapting the new features and early adoption, not suggested update in production environment. If you plan to update, you can find the way to do it at the end of this post. OK, let’s begin.
New Functions & New Features
Dark Mode
Let’s talk about the update experience first. The whole process of updating is pretty easy, taking about 35 minutes. After finishing the process and getting into login screen, the biggest change we can find is the wallpaper.
After logging in, the system shows us an important part of this update: Dark Mode.
The Dark Mode, as one of the most popular features of the people, finally comes out on Mojave. Dark Mode let users feel more comfortable when watching the screen at night. And after so many years of white background, changing it into dark occasionally also changes the spirit of us.
And surely, we can choose the light of dark mode when finish the update and get into desktop, or reselect it in System Preferences -> General .
So far, the Apple’s applications including Finder, Safari, Xcode, Calendar, Photos, App Store etc. have adapted Dark Mode, but the adaption situation of third party apps is not positive. Telegram, Evernote etc. have not adapted yet. (Spotify at the cornor whispers: Maybe I need’t to? )
Dynamic Desktop
After enterring Desktop, this wallpaper shows up. Default wallpaper Mojave changes with the time going by, and this is Dynamic Desktop. But only this default wallpaper Mojave supported the new feature yet.
New Apps
This update also brings new apps: Apple News, Stocks, Voice Memos and Home. But whether it is due to the system of Chinese version, I don’t find the Apple News application. (Just a moment ago, the system rebooted😂).
Mac App Store
This update alse brings the new designed Mac App Store, here is the comparison of Mac App Store before and after update.
Before:
After:
Before:
After:
Stacks
This Stack is not the stack in programming languages, it is a way to sort out the desktop materials.
Stacks function can be found in context menu of desktop’s right-click or menu bar’s View. Stacks could generate different stacks according to files’ Kind, Date Last Opened, Date Added, Date Modified, Date Created, Tags, etc.
After turing on Stacks, all the single file will be identified and collected into corresponding category.
Without Stacks:
With Stacks:
Screenshots
macOS 10.14 Mojave drastically improves the function of Screenshots and supports record screen. After pressing Command + Shift + 5, the following screenshots toolbar will apprear, we could use it to customize the screenshot options.
When finish the screenshot or recording the screen, a thumbnail will appear at lower right cornor. Click it to mark it up.
Quick Look
In previos versions of macOS, select any file in Finder, press space key and we could check out the file’s content. macOS Mojave improves the functionalities of Quick Look, supporting edit and mark up the file directly. For example, we can mark up a PDF file, rotate and crop an image, trim video and audio. When we are ready, we can share to others via Mail, Messages or AirDrop.
Finder
This update adds a functionality named Gallery View to Finder, we could preview files’ metadata in the way like in a gallery view. Right panel of the window shows the metadata of the file, on the right-bottom side, it displays some shortcuts to the file or folder.
The Recents
macOS now supports show recent used apps in Dock, 3 recent apps at most. We could turn it on or off in System Preferences -> Dock, default is on.
Others
- Continuily Camera: In simple words, we could take photos for Mac with an iPhone. I don’t have an iPhone(Yes, I am a member of the minority group, macOS + Android users), so no test about this function.
- FaceTime: Supports a FaceTime call up to 32 people.
- Privacy and Security: As usual, improves the privacy’s security.
- Safari: Supports display favicons in tabs.
- Mail: Easily add emoji in Mail.
- Metal: Better support for external graphic cards.
- Machine Learning: Create ML gives developers a faster and easier way to build and train machine learning models; Core ML allows developers to speed up and improve the scale of models.
- …
Problems
- macOS Mojave still supports running the applications based on OpenGL and OpenCL, but Apple has stopped the development and update of these two APIs, and Apple hope developers adopt Metal technology. For us ordinary users, it means we may receive compatibility problems when we play games on macOS Mojave.
- As for fluency, Mojave does not improve obviously like iOS 12.
- Some bugs of Dark Mode, for example(ignore my spelling mistakes):
- Some users encounter the compatibility problems of Office. Luckily, except me.
- The typeface of some applications (including Chrome) becomes thinner.
- …
How to Update
Backup!Backup!Backup!
Use net-disk, hard-disk or TimeMachine etc. backup all your important materials.
Download the Beta profiles
Download macOSDeveloperBetaAccessUtility.dmg file and install. Download link:
- Google Drive: https://drive.google.com/open?id=1gQXBj3aNTFmukdvDFxyuPypn4wHnSrpb
About Mojave
Mojave (məʊˈhɑːvi), Mojave Desert is in the southwestern United States, primarily within southeastern California and southern Nevada.